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Oggi, la storia
Mercoledì 09 marzo 2016 - 07:05
Oggi compie 174 anni. Li porta benissimo. Tant'è che è spesso invitato da molte parti. Accetta tutti gli impegni. Corre così il rischio di essere frainteso; tuttavia molte volte la sua presenza produce ancora emozioni profonde. Di chi si tratta? Nessuna persona nel mondo postdiluviano è così longeva. Ci riferiamo infatti al più famoso coro di tutta la storia dell'opera lirica: il Va', pensiero. La prima del Nabucco di Verdi ebbe luogo alla Scala il 9 marzo del 1842. Il successo fu immediato; ma a restare nella memoria degli ascoltatori fu soprattutto quel memorabile coro.
Il Va' pensiero dà voce alla struggente nostalgia per la patria lontana provata dai deportati ebrei a Babilonia. Nella sua, peraltro non immediata, ricezione risorgimentale, la lontananza spaziale si trasformò però nell’espressione della mancata indipendenza tipica di chi viveva, non libero, sul proprio suolo. Le oscillazioni nella recezione del Va’, pensiero da allora sono state numerose. Ci è pervenuta, per esempio, la registrazione della rappresentazione avvenuta al San Carlo di Napoli il 20 dicembre 1949, sotto la direzione del grande Vittorio Gui. Quella sera la parte finale del coro fu sommersa da ripetute grida che auspicavano il ritorno di Trieste all’Italia. In tempi più recenti il senso di sentirsi oppressi sul suolo natale non è estraneo all’uso ideologico e «padano» del coro/inno proposto dalla Lega. All’impiego «secessionista» del Va’, pensiero si è contrapposto il suo uso celebrativo nel corso del centocinquantenario dell’Unità d’Italia, culminato nella rappresentazione del Nabucco diretta da Riccardo Muti alla presenza delle più alte cariche dello Stato italiano il 12 marzo 2011; in quella circostanza il coro simboleggiò sia l’unità nazionale sia la rivendicazione del ruolo da riservarsi alla cultura.
Facile immaginare che la storia dei suoi usi e abusi non sia finita. Tuttavia in tanta varietà una realtà resta fuori discussione: la grandezza di quella musica.
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