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La sonda cinese Chang'e 4 è stata la prima ad atterrare sul lato nascosto della luna il 3 gennaio scorso e, secondo quanto riportato dalla BBC, il Chinese lunar exploration program (CLEP) può vantare da pochi giorni anche un altro primato: il primo germoglio lunare della storia, una piantina di cotone.
Si trova in un contenitore sigillato e munito di un sistema di riscaldamento contenente anche semi di colza, patate, moscerini della frutta, lievito e arabidopsis (un piccolo fiore, detto anche "arabetta comune", senza interesse agronomico ma usato spesso come "organismo modello").
La sonda fotografata dal rover Yutu-2 il 12 gennaio
Durante i 20 giorni di viaggio nello spazio, come riferito dall'agenzia Xinhua, i semi erano stati "ibernati" con "varie tecniche di biotecnologia", e la possibilità di cominciare a germogliare è stata permessa solo dopo l'atterraggio sul satellite grazie ad un comando da Terra che ha attivato il sistema di irrigazione.
Coltivazioni lunari
L'obbiettivo è quello di creare un mini ecosistema. Secondo l'astronomo Fred Watson, intervistato dalla BBC, il germogliamento della pianta di cotone è una buona notizia: "L'evento suggerisce che il tentativo di far crescere coltivazioni lunari non dovrebbe porre grossi problemi e gli astronauti potrebbero potenzialmente coltivare il proprio cibo nello spazio, riducendo la necessità di tornare sulla Terra per rifornirsi.".
La conquista della Luna, ha aggiunto lo scienziato, "è importante anche in vista delle missioni su Marte, in quanto il satellite può essere una comoda tappa intermedia in un ipotetico viaggio della durata di due anni e mezzo verso il pianeta rosso".
Piante spaziali
Un fiore di Zinnia sulla ISS nel 2016
Quella della sonda cinese non è la prima pianta a crescere al di fuori dell'atmosfera terrestre: esperimenti con semi lanciati e germogliati al di fuori nello spazio risalgono addirittura agli anni '40. Nel 1982 astronauti sovietici riuscirono a far germogliare delle piante di arabidopsis sulla stazione spaziale Salyut 7, ed è nel 2015 che i membri della "Expedition 44" hanno potuto nutrirsi per la prima volta di insalata (più precisamente di lattuga) interamente coltivata sulla Stazione spaziale internazionale ISS.
Germoglio lunare
RSI Info 15.01.2019, 18:00
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