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Ricostruire i tessuti cartilaginei del naso, delle orecchie o delle articolazioni con una stampante in 3D che utilizza cellule prelevate dal paziente: è il cosiddetto “bioprinting”, un procedimento a cui lavora un gruppo di ricercatori del Politecnico di Zurigo. Anche se si tratta ancora di un metodo sperimentale, l'ETH parla in una nota di un grande passo verso una medicina ricostruttiva “personalizzata”.
Il gruppo di ricerca guidato da Marcy Zenobi-Wong, del Dipartimento per le scienze della salute e la tecnologia, intende lanciare quest'anno i primi test su pecore e capre. In seguito è prevista la sperimentazione clinica vera e propria.
La stampante tridimensionale utilizza come materiale di partenza un polimero che viene mescolato alle cellule prelevate dal paziente. In soli 16 minuti è ad esempio possibile ricostruire la cartilagine di un naso danneggiato in un incidente automobilistico. Una volta trapiantati, questi tessuti crescono assieme al corpo del paziente. Il rischio di provocare reazioni di rigetto è inoltre estremamente basso, se confrontato ad esempio con in prodotti a base di silicone.
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