Lo scorso anno sono state registrate 483 esecuzioni per condanne a morte in 18 Stati, secondo il report annuale di Amnesty International. Si tratta del dato più basso registrato in oltre un decennio, in calo del 26% rispetto al 2019 e del 70% rispetto al picco di 1’634 casi registrato nel 2015. Fra le persone giustiziate vi erano 16 donne.
L'88% delle esecuzioni si sono verificate in quattro Paesi mediorientali: almeno 246 in Iran, dove la pena di morte "è sempre più usata come arma di repressione politica contro dissidenti e minoranze etniche", 107 in Egitto, 45 in Iraq e 27 in Arabia Saudita. Negli Stati Uniti la pena è stata applicata 17 volte.
Il calcolo globale non include le migliaia di esecuzioni che Amnesty International crede siano state effettuate in Cina, dove i dati sulla pena di morte sono classificati come segreto di Stato. Pesa anche l'accesso estremamente limitato alle informazioni in Corea del Nord e Vietnam, che si ritiene applichino in larga misura le condanne capitali.
Il numero complessivo delle condanne a morte (1’477) imposte in tutto il mondo nel 2020 - di cui Amnesty International ha notizia - è crollato del 36% rispetto al 2019, in parte perché la pandemia di Covid-19 ha causato sospensioni e ritardi nei procedimenti penali.
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