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Il premio Nobel per la pace ed ex presidente sudafricano Nelson Mandela fe-
steggia oggi, 18 luglio, il suo 92° compleanno, giorno che le Nazioni Unite hanno deciso di dedicargli, proclamando il Nelson Mandela Interational Day.
Il suo paese e il mondo intero gli hanno tributato un omaggio commosso per una vita intera spesa lottando per i diritti umani e per porre fine all'ultimo spietato regime dell'apartheid.
Nato il 18 luglio del 1918, è stato il primo presidente nero del Sudafrica post-apartheid e nel suo paese è considerato il "padre della patria". Attivista per i diritti umani, fu arrestato nel 1962 e condannato all'ergastolo nel 1964.
Rifiutò la scarcerazione in cambio della rinuncia alla lotta armata nel febbraio del 1985 e fu infine rilasciato, sulla spinta delle crescenti pressioni della comunità internazionale, l'11 febbraio 1990.
Nel 1993 fu insignito del Nobel per la pace e l'anno dopo partecipò alle elezioni presidenziali: le vinse e fu il primo presidente nero del Sudafrica fino al giugno 1999.
Si è ritirato dalla vita pubblica nel 2004, a 85 anni. Ha avuto tre mogli, dalla seconda delle quali, Winnie, si è separato dopo una lunga serie di polemiche politiche.
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