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Cervelli umani 3D in miniatura coltivati in laboratorio hanno fatto luce su una delle principali cause di malattie mentali come schizofrenia, depressione e disordini bipolari: è la mutazione del gene DISC1, che provoca anomalie nello sviluppo del cervello.
Lo ha dimostrato lo studio dell'Ospedale delle Donne di Brigham, a Boston, pubblicato sulla rivista Translational Psychiatry, in cui i ricercatori guidati da Priya Srikanth hanno sfruttato gli ultimi progressi nelle tecniche che permettono di crescere mini-organi e di manipolare il DNA.
I ricercatori hanno coltivato cervelli in miniatura a partire da cellule staminali e hanno usato la tecnica "taglia-incolla" del DNA per introdurre in alcuni di questi la mutazione del gene DISC1 e vedere la differenza con i cervelli non mutati. I mini-cervelli mutati mostravano una struttura molto diversa: gli spazi pieni di liquido cerebrospinale chiamati ventricoli erano molto più piccoli e numerosi di quelli dei cervelli sani e di conseguenza le cellule nervose adiacenti si trovavano nella posizione sbagliata.
ATS/ANSA/Swing
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