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Sono almeno otto i geni che "accendono" i capelli rossi, oltre all’unico finora noto e creduto l'unico responsabile di una capigliatura fiammeggiante. Lo ha scoperto il più vasto studio genetico sul colore dei capelli, che ha permesso di individuare anche ben 200 mutazioni genetiche all'origine di tutte le gradazioni di colore, dal moro al biondo.
La ricerca, pubblicata sulla rivista Nature Communications, è stata condotta dalle Università di Oxford ed Edimburgo e si basa sul DNA di 350'000 persone conservato nella Biobanca del Regno Unito. Tutte le persone con capelli rossi possiedono due copie della versione “rossa” del gene MC1R, tuttavia non tutti quelli che presentano questa doppietta hanno i capelli rossi: un mistero rimasto irrisolto fino ad ora.
I ricercatori, guidati da Michael Morgan di Oxford e Erola Pairo-Castineira di Edimburgo, hanno scoperto i “colpevoli”: otto geni prima sconosciuti, alcuni dei quali controllano anche MC1R attivandolo o disattivandolo. Oltre ai geni dei capelli rossi, gli autori dello studio hanno svelato anche 200 varianti genetiche per capelli mori e biondi.
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