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Il riscaldamento climatico è destinato a modificare la composizione della comunità dei funghi, specialmente in ubicazioni fredde e al limite del bosco. E’ quanto emerge da uno studio sperimentale condotto durante sei anni dall'Istituto federale di ricerca per la foresta, la neve e il paesaggio (WSL) sullo Stillberg, sopra Davos.
Una delle 20 particelle riscaldate artificialmente
Un team di suoi ricercatori – spiega una nota - ha riscaldato il terreno di 4° C - il valore di aumento della temperatura previsto fino al 2070 - sotto i larici e i pini mughi sul ripido fianco della montagna. Le analisi hanno dimostrato che la composizione varietale dei funghi è cambiata. Una specie, l’Hygrophorus speciosus Peck, è quasi completamente scomparsa. Altre, come il lattario rufo (Lactarius rufus) e il Mycena galopus, hanno invece incrementato la propria diffusione beneficiando delle nuove condizioni.
Il WSL ipotizza che i cambiamenti siano indotti dalla maggiore disponibilità di azoto. Con più caldo i microrganismi del terreno hanno intensificato la propria attività, accelerando la decomposizione dell'humus.
Diem/ATS
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