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Il 2016 è l'anno in cui spariranno del tutto i clorofluorocarburi (CFC), usati in frigoriferi, climatizzatori e spray e ritenuti una tra le principali cause del buco nell'ozono. In realtà il 98% dei CFC era già svanito dopo il primo divieto in America nel 1978 e la messa al bando graduale prevista dal Protocollo di Montreal nel 1987. Gli ultimi rimasti, quelli usati negli inalatori antiasma, saranno eliminati nel 2016.
La conferma è giunta domenica dall’UNEP, l'agenzia dell'Organizzazione dell'ONU per l'ambiente. Quando i CFC furono vietati non c'erano sostanze sostitutive per gli inalatori e fu concessa una deroga al bando. Ma negli ultimi vent'anni sono state scoperte valide alternative e quindi si è potuta completare l'applicazione del bando.
L'eliminazione di questi gas ha dato i suoi risultati. Il buco nell'ozono raggiunse il suo picco nel ‘94, ma da allora il fenomeno ha cominciato a ridursi e i ricercatori prevedono che lo strato di ozono sull'Antartide comincerà ad aumentare a partire dal 2020.
ATS/EnCa
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