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Riciclare la carta, una pratica a cui siamo abituati da decenni in Svizzera e che in tempi di “onda verde” sembra scontata. Ma adesso, dopo la chiusura delle frontiere cinesi, il settore è confrontato a una situazione di emergenza.
Da quando Pechino ha ridotto drasticamente l'importazione di rifiuti dall'estero, l'export di carta dall'Europa è passato da 30 a 12 milioni di tonnellate all'anno, il prezzo è crollato e la filiera Svizzera è sotto pressione. Dai 100 franchi a tonnellata venduta, ora il prezzo è attorno ai 20-10 franchi. In Europa, oggi si hanno 8 milioni di tonnellate di vecchia carta da riciclare in esubero. Questo perché le cartiere non riescono a smaltire tutto il materiale e produrne di nuovo.
Riciclaggio della carta: le difficoltà del settore
Telegiornale 04.12.2019, 21:00
Un'economia circolare che non si ferma in Svizzera ma è legata a doppio filo al mercato globale e che ora è confrontata ora con una crisi nera.
A farne le spese non solo le aziende attive nel riciclo di carta e cartone, ma anche i comuni che se prima ricevevano dei rimborsi per la carta raccolta, oggi rischiano di dove pagare tutto di tasca propria. Ad esempio, Lugano e Bellinzona incasseranno meno soldi, altri piccoli comuni ticinesi dovranno addirittura pagare per smaltire la carta.
Il crollo del prezzo della carta
Il Quotidiano 04.12.2019, 20:00
Per gli esperti la crisi potrà durare parecchio anche sino a metà 2021, quando in Svizzera verranno aumentate le capacità di produzione. E le cartiere locali in questo caso potranno anche guadagnarci. Ma questa per ora è musica del futuro.
Dalla Svizzera al mondo
In Svizzera ogni anno vengono prodotte circa 1'300'000 tonnellate di carta vecchia e cartone, quasi 160 kg a testa. In Ticino sono quasi 48'000 le tonnellate di carta vecchia, il 30% dei rifiuti derivati dalle raccolte separate. La filiera del riciclaggio della carta à un sistema di economia circolare che parte dalla raccolta comunale ad aziende private che acquistano carta dai comuni e poi la rivendono alle cartiere che producono nuova carta.
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