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Aumentando i livelli di stress, il rumore del traffico di auto e di aerei può contribuire allo sviluppo di malattie cardiache come ipertensione arteriosa, ictus, insufficienza cardiaca e malattia coronarica. A spiegare i meccanismi alla base di un'associazione già nota è una revisione della letteratura scientifica in materia, pubblicata sul Journal of American College of Cardiology.
Al di là dei fattori di rischio tradizionali, come ipertensione e diabete, diversi studi hanno dimostrato un'associazione tra un aumentato rischio di malattie cardiopatie e forti livelli di rumore ambientale. Tuttavia, non erano ancora stati individuati i meccanismi.
Per meglio capire il fenomeno, i ricercatori dell'Università Johannes Gutenberg, a Mainz, in Germania, hanno condotto una revisione della letteratura scientifica disponibile sugli effetti non uditivi del rumore e il loro impatto su sistema cardiovascolare e sistema nervoso, sia negli animali che negli esseri umani. Dalle prove valutate, è emerso che l'esposizione al rumore attiva una risposta nel sistema nervoso.
ats/joe.p.
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