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La lingua scritta sovraregionale Rumantsch Grischun nella quotidianità grigionese non ha riscosso il successo sperato, anzi. Ad affermarlo è uno studio della Confederazione (promosso dall’Ufficio federale della cultura) realizzato dal Centro per la democrazia di Aarau. Gli autori suggeriscono misure per impedire la scomparsa del romancio nel medio termine e sottolineano la necessità di interventi anche per l'italiano. Il lavoro serve da base per le decisioni sui finanziamenti della Confederazione per il periodo 2021-2024.
Le considerazioni della ricerca sono in parecchi punti “sconfortanti”. L'applicazione delle leggi a favore delle lingue minoritarie nei Grigioni avanza solo lentamente. I corsi di romancio e italiano nelle scuole vengono diminuiti o addirittura cancellati. Il pericolo riguarda in particolare le conoscenze del romancio, che rischiano di diminuire ulteriormente, con una conseguente scomparsa della lingua.
Lo studio è molto critico rispetto all'introduzione nel 1982 della versione scritta del romancio, che da oltre 20 anni viene utilizzata anche in ambito amministrativo. Il Rumantsch Grischun non è riuscito a creare gli auspicati ponti fra i vari idiomi regionali. La maggioranza delle persone intervistate ha valutato questo tentativo "fallito". Non solo: questa versione scritta avrebbe creato nuovi problemi, come la mancanza di conoscenze delle lingue locali da parte degli insegnanti. Nella quotidianità è vista quindi come un ostacolo, tanto da far preferire spesso l'uso del tedesco. Per salvare il romancio, secondo lo studio, è necessario un intervento finanziario nel settore della formazione, creando un'offerta dell'insegnamento del romancio continua.
L'italiano
Per quel che riguarda la lingua di Dante, va invece rafforzato il plurilinguismo nell'amministrazione cantonale. I dipendenti germanofoni devono sviluppare maggiori conoscenze dell'italiano e le candidature di italofoni non devono essere respinte per carenze nella lingua tedesca. Cantone e Confederazione devono poi migliorare la coordinazione e i controlli.
ATS/Swing
Grigioni, il romancio in difficoltà
Telegiornale 31.05.2019, 22:00
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