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L'ente regolatorio statunitense per i farmaci (FDA) ha approvato una seconda terapia genica contro una forma di tumore del sangue: è un trattamento da somministrarsi una sola volta contro la forma aggressiva di linfoma negli adulti.
L'FDA ha autorizzato l'immissione in commercio del trattamento, che utilizza la stessa tecnologia - definita CAR-T - della prima terapia genica approvata negli USA lo scorso agosto e mirata contro la leucemia dei bambini.
La tecnica CAR-T non utilizza la terapia genica per "riparare" i geni difettosi che hanno causato la malattia, bensì per rafforzare e risvegliare le cellule T, che sono i "soldati" del sistema immunitario e che il cancro è spesso in grado di evadere. Le cellule T vengono quindi filtrate dal sangue del paziente e riprogrammate per colpire e uccidere le cellule tumorali; a questo punto, milioni di copie vengono prodotti. Reiniettate nel paziente, le cellule T riprogrammate possono continuare a moltiplicarsi per combattere la malattia per mesi o anni. È quindi una immunoterapia, mirata a risvegliare il sistema immunitario per combattere il cancro.
ATS/M. Ang.
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