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La popolazione della Cina si è attestata a 1 miliardo e 411,78 milioni di persone alla fine del 2020: secondo i dati del Settimo censimento decennale, l'incremento è stato di 72,06 milioni di persone (+5,38%) rispetto al Sesto censimento effettuato nel 2010. Il tasso di crescita annuale è stato pari allo 0,53%, in calo dello 0,04% sullo 0,57% registrato in media tra il 2000 e il 2010.
La popolazione cinese è cresciuta al ritmo più lento dagli anni '60: il +5,38% medio annuo del decennio al 2020 riflette i timori di un calo demografico incombente in una società che invecchia e vede rallentare i tassi di natalità, con un forte calo della forza lavoro.
Il tasso di natalità è in costante calo dal 2017, nonostante l'allentamento della decennale "politica del figlio unico": nel 2020 le nascite "sono state 12 milioni, che rappresentano un buon numero", ha rilevato Ning.
La dimensione media di una famiglia è ora di 2,62 persone, in calo rispetto alle 3,10 persone di dieci anni fa. "Le famiglie hanno continuato a ridimensionarsi per la crescente mobilità della popolazione e del fatto che i giovani dopo i matrimoni vivono separati dai genitori con condizioni abitative migliori", ha detto Ning.
In un chiaro segno del mutamento del volto della società cinese, la popolazione urbana è cresciuta di 236,42 milioni (+14,21%), a quota 901,99 milioni rispetto al censimento precedente.
In Cina la popolazione cresce sempre meno
Telegiornale 11.05.2021, 14:30
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