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La premier francese Elisabeth Borne ha annunciato martedì l'innalzamento dell'età pensionabile in Francia da 62 a 64 anni entro il 2030, presentando la riforma voluta dal presidente Emmanuel Macron per "preservare" il sistema pensionistico. Secondo l'Esecutivo, infatti, c'è una "necessità urgente" di correggere un sistema che potrebbe avere un deficit di circa venti miliardi di euro entro il 2030.
Opposizioni e sindacati in rivolta
I partiti di opposizione e i sindacati sono in rivolta e sono contrari a qualsiasi aumento dell'età per andare in pensione, ritenendo che colpirebbe soprattutto i meno abbienti che hanno iniziato a lavorare presto. "C'è bisogno di una riforma pensionistica per aumentare le pensioni, per tenere conto delle carriere più brevi, per sanare le disuguaglianze tra donne e uomini, ma la riforma pensionistica proposta dal Governo è una riforma dura, estremamente violenta", ha tuonato il leader del PCF Fabien Roussel, martedì, su France 2.
Ci sono pochi dubbi su ciò che accadrà: riuniti a fine pomeriggio alla Bourse du Travail di Parigi, i leader degli otto principali sindacati (CFDT, CGT, FO, CFE-CGC, CFTC, Unsa, Solidaires, FSU) dovrebbero indire una prima giornata di manifestazioni e scioperi il 19 o il 24 gennaio. "Se Emmanuel Macron vuole farne la madre delle riforme (...), per noi sarà la madre delle battaglie", avverte il capo di Force Ouvrière, Frédéric Souillot.
Le pensioni in Francia e nel resto d'Europa
I francesi sono tra gli europei che escono prima dal mercato del lavoro, in media a 62,3 anni (dietro solo ai cittadini di quattro piccoli Paesi), secondo i dati della Commissione europea. E la Francia è uno dei Paesi che spendono di più per le pensioni rispetto alla maggior parte dei suoi vicini, in media il 14,8% del suo PIL. La Germania spende il 10,3%. Nell'Unione Europea, solo la Grecia (15,7%) e l'Italia (15,4%) spendono di più. In Francia si ha diritto ad andare in pensione a 62 anni (ma questa età non garantisce una pensione completa), contro i 67 anni in Germania, Italia, Danimarca (e presto in Spagna); 66 nel Regno Unito. L'età, però, non è sufficiente per confrontare la situazione reale tra i Paesi, perché i sistemi pensionistici sono diversi e permettono eccezioni. Vanno poi considerati il costo della vita e gli stipendi.
Seidisera 18.00 del 10.01.2023
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